Site Analysis Handbook > Approaches > Nielsen Heuristics My List ♥ ()

Approach: Nielsen Heuristics

Connected Claude or other chatbot to Chimera? Type: Run Chimera's get-skill tool with arguments {"skill_name": "inventory_from_template", "approach_slug": "nielsen-heuristics"}. Both arguments are required — pass approach_slug as shown. Then follow the workflow embedded in the response.

Jakob Nielsen's 10 Usability Heuristics are the most widely cited rules of thumb for interface usability — distilled by Nielsen in 1994 from a survey of usability problems and updated since. They are deliberately broad principles rather than specific guidelines, intended to be applied with judgment to whatever interface is in front of you.

Applied to web content as a rubric, the heuristics let you score every page on the same ten dimensions: how clearly the page communicates where the user is, whether its language matches how the audience actually thinks, whether users can recover from mistakes, whether the layout is consistent with the rest of the site, and so on.

Each page gets a score for each heuristic plus an overall score, so you can sort an inventory by usability, find your weakest pages or weakest dimensions, and use that to prioritize rework.

Automation Notes

Several heuristics are hard to fully automate. Visibility of System Status and Aesthetic and Minimalist Design depend on visual rendering, motion, and feedback. Help Users Recognize, Diagnose, and Recover From Errors depends on what actually happens when something goes wrong — observable only by exercising the interface. Any automated approach will need to either approximate these from indirect signals or surface them for human review.

Error Prevention and Error Recovery do not apply to purely informational pages. Treating those as n/a rather than scoring them low, and skipping n/a values when averaging, keeps content pages from being unfairly penalized for not having forms.

Content-heavy sites tend to score consistently lower on Flexibility and Help & Documentation because the criteria are taken literally. If your site is informational by design, treat low scores on those two heuristics as expected rather than as defects.

For high-stakes evaluations, pair automation with human spot-checks on representative pages.

In Content Chimera

Chimera scores each page based on its text — rendered HTML stripped to plain text — so heuristics that depend on visual rendering or interactive behavior are inferred from text and structure rather than directly observed. A seeded language-model fieldset returns a 0-3 rating and a written rationale for each heuristic. For H4 Consistency, three XPath patterns (count of H1 tags, count of landmark regions, count of images missing alt text) are also extracted and blended with the language-model rating. The per-heuristic deliverables and the overall average are produced as calculated fields in the extent's flattened table.

The Run Now in Chimera button on this page launches the inventory-from-template skill, which copies the seeded fieldset and patterns into your extent, runs the summarize and extract pipelines, and creates the calculated fields automatically. You can optionally compose the Nielsen fieldset with an org-type baseline (minimal, higher_ed, research) or with E-E-A-T page analysis to capture additional dimensions in the same language-model call.

See Nielsen Heuristics fields below. Or show fields for all field types.
Nielsen H1 Visibility
Does the page keep users informed about where they are and what is going on? Look for breadcrumbs, clear page titles, current-section highlighting in navigation, and timely feedback for user actions.
General Usefulness:
Traditional Ease of Automation:
Compare with other User fields.
Final per-heuristic score for Nielsen Heuristic 2 (H2 Real-World Match). Derived from the LLM score with type coercion (and an n/a-aware path for H5/H9).
General Usefulness:
Traditional Ease of Automation:
Compare with other User fields.
Final per-heuristic score for Nielsen Heuristic 3 (H3 User Control). Derived from the LLM score with type coercion (and an n/a-aware path for H5/H9).
General Usefulness:
Traditional Ease of Automation:
Compare with other User fields.
Nielsen H4 Consistency
Final score for H4 Consistency, blending the LLM score 60% with the structural sub 40% via 3:2 weighting in avg(). The repetition trick bypasses Chimera's strict left-to-right evaluation without explicit decimal multiplication.
General Usefulness:
Traditional Ease of Automation:
Compare with other User fields.
Does the page prevent problems from happening in the first place? On pages with forms or user actions, look for clear labels, sensible defaults, required-field marking, and confirmation for destructive actions. Does not apply to purely informational pages.
General Usefulness:
Traditional Ease of Automation:
Compare with other User fields.
Nielsen H6 Recognition
Final per-heuristic score for Nielsen Heuristic 6 (H6 Recognition). Derived from the LLM score with type coercion (and an n/a-aware path for H5/H9).
General Usefulness:
Traditional Ease of Automation:
Compare with other User fields.
Nielsen H7 Flexibility
Final per-heuristic score for Nielsen Heuristic 7 (H7 Flexibility). Derived from the LLM score with type coercion (and an n/a-aware path for H5/H9).
General Usefulness:
Traditional Ease of Automation:
Compare with other User fields.
Nielsen H8 Aesthetic
Final per-heuristic score for Nielsen Heuristic 8 (H8 Aesthetic). Derived from the LLM score with type coercion (and an n/a-aware path for H5/H9).
General Usefulness:
Traditional Ease of Automation:
Compare with other User fields.
Final per-heuristic score for Nielsen Heuristic 9 (H9 Error Recovery). Derived from the LLM score with type coercion (and an n/a-aware path for H5/H9).
General Usefulness:
Traditional Ease of Automation:
Compare with other User fields.
Final per-heuristic score for Nielsen Heuristic 10 (H10 Help & Docs). Derived from the LLM score with type coercion (and an n/a-aware path for H5/H9).
General Usefulness:
Traditional Ease of Automation:
Compare with other User fields.
Nielsen Overall Score
Average of the 10 Nielsen per-heuristic scores. avg() skips real NULLs, so n/a paths on H5 and H9 (which materialize as NULL on float columns) do not drag the average down.
General Usefulness:
Traditional Ease of Automation:
Compare with other User fields.

Supporting

Raw inputs that produced the primary fields above — useful for drill-down.

LLM-assigned Nielsen Heuristic 1 (H1 Visibility) score (0-3). Used as input to the calculated Nielsen H1 Visibility field.
General Usefulness:
Traditional Ease of Automation:
Compare with other User fields.
LLM-written rationale for the Nielsen Heuristic 1 (H1 Visibility) score.
General Usefulness:
Traditional Ease of Automation:
Compare with other User fields.
LLM-assigned Nielsen Heuristic 2 (H2 Real-World Match) score (0-3). Used as input to the calculated Nielsen H2 Real-World Match field.
General Usefulness:
Traditional Ease of Automation:
Compare with other User fields.
LLM-written rationale for the Nielsen Heuristic 2 (H2 Real-World Match) score.
General Usefulness:
Traditional Ease of Automation:
Compare with other User fields.
LLM-assigned Nielsen Heuristic 3 (H3 User Control) score (0-3). Used as input to the calculated Nielsen H3 User Control field.
General Usefulness:
Traditional Ease of Automation:
Compare with other User fields.
LLM-written rationale for the Nielsen Heuristic 3 (H3 User Control) score.
General Usefulness:
Traditional Ease of Automation:
Compare with other User fields.
LLM-assigned Nielsen Heuristic 4 (H4 Consistency) score (0-3). Used as input to the calculated Nielsen H4 Consistency field.
General Usefulness:
Traditional Ease of Automation:
Compare with other User fields.
LLM-written rationale for the Nielsen Heuristic 4 (H4 Consistency) score.
General Usefulness:
Traditional Ease of Automation:
Compare with other User fields.
LLM-assigned Nielsen Heuristic 5 (H5 Error Prevention) score (0-3 or n/a). Used as input to the calculated Nielsen H5 Error Prevention field.
General Usefulness:
Traditional Ease of Automation:
Compare with other User fields.
LLM-written rationale for the Nielsen Heuristic 5 (H5 Error Prevention) score.
General Usefulness:
Traditional Ease of Automation:
Compare with other User fields.
LLM-assigned Nielsen Heuristic 6 (H6 Recognition) score (0-3). Used as input to the calculated Nielsen H6 Recognition field.
General Usefulness:
Traditional Ease of Automation:
Compare with other User fields.
LLM-written rationale for the Nielsen Heuristic 6 (H6 Recognition) score.
General Usefulness:
Traditional Ease of Automation:
Compare with other User fields.
LLM-assigned Nielsen Heuristic 7 (H7 Flexibility) score (0-3). Used as input to the calculated Nielsen H7 Flexibility field.
General Usefulness:
Traditional Ease of Automation:
Compare with other User fields.
LLM-written rationale for the Nielsen Heuristic 7 (H7 Flexibility) score.
General Usefulness:
Traditional Ease of Automation:
Compare with other User fields.
LLM-assigned Nielsen Heuristic 8 (H8 Aesthetic) score (0-3). Used as input to the calculated Nielsen H8 Aesthetic field.
General Usefulness:
Traditional Ease of Automation:
Compare with other User fields.
LLM-written rationale for the Nielsen Heuristic 8 (H8 Aesthetic) score.
General Usefulness:
Traditional Ease of Automation:
Compare with other User fields.
LLM-assigned Nielsen Heuristic 9 (H9 Error Recovery) score (0-3 or n/a). Used as input to the calculated Nielsen H9 Error Recovery field.
General Usefulness:
Traditional Ease of Automation:
Compare with other User fields.
LLM-written rationale for the Nielsen Heuristic 9 (H9 Error Recovery) score.
General Usefulness:
Traditional Ease of Automation:
Compare with other User fields.
LLM-assigned Nielsen Heuristic 10 (H10 Help & Docs) score (0-3). Used as input to the calculated Nielsen H10 Help & Docs field.
General Usefulness:
Traditional Ease of Automation:
Compare with other User fields.
LLM-written rationale for the Nielsen Heuristic 10 (H10 Help & Docs) score.
General Usefulness:
Traditional Ease of Automation:
Compare with other User fields.
Images Without Alt (count)
Count of `<img>` elements with missing or empty `alt` attributes.
General Usefulness:
Traditional Ease of Automation:
Compare with other Technical fields.
H1 Count
Count of `<h1>` elements on the page.
General Usefulness:
Traditional Ease of Automation:
Compare with other Technical fields.
Landmark Count
Count of HTML5 landmark regions (`nav`, `main`, `header`, `footer`, `aside`) or elements with landmark ARIA roles.
General Usefulness:
Traditional Ease of Automation:
Compare with other Technical fields.

Helper

Computational plumbing — exists to make the primary formulas work. Usually not interesting on its own.

Intermediate helper that aggregates the three structural-signal pattern counts (images without alt, H1 count, landmark count) into a single 0-3 value, used by the H4 Consistency formula. Exists because Chimera expressions cannot multiply directly through case() returns — pre-materializing this helper as a float column sidesteps that limitation.
General Usefulness:
Traditional Ease of Automation:
Compare with other User fields.